Julfa district occupied the territory to the east of the city of Nakhchivan. The highest point in the district is Damirlidag mountain (3364 m). Summer is hot and arid, winter is cold. The average temperature of January is from -10 degrees centigrade to -3 degrees of centigrade, in July from +19 degrees centigrade to +28 degrees of centigrade. Precipitations are 200-600 mm a year. Rivers of Alinja, Garadara flow along the territory of the district:; Araz River - along the bound with Iran.

There are forst tracts in the mountains, where the oaks, beeches, hornbeams grow. Fauna is represented by such animals as wolf, fox, here etc. Administrative center of Julfa district city situated on the blank of Araz River on the bound with Iran. The city of the same name is located across the river - Iranian Julfa. The city was on the caravan routes from Iran to Georgia, Shirvan, and Dagestan in the antiquity and was of great economic and cultural importance.