Shirali Baba Muslimov (also Mislimov), a shepherd from the village of Barzavu in Lerik, Azerbaijan, has been claimed to be the oldest person who ever lived. He claimed to be 168 years old when he died.

Shirali Muslimov was allegedly born on March 26, 1805 and died on September 2 or 4, 1973. In 1966 Azerbaijani film studio shot a documentary film about him “Shirali descended from the mountain”.

He was married 3 times and had 23 children. He became a father of his daughter at the claimed age of 136 years old. Muslumov has never been recognized by the GWR and had no birth certificate.

According to legend, Muslimov worked hard every day, up to 168 years, did not smoke or drink, but ate fruits, vegetables, wholemeal bread, chicken broth, low-fat cheese and yogurt. He had several wives through his lifetime. Muslimov became ill with pneumonia between 1972 and 1973, but survived only to die later in 1973.

Muslimov's story was picked up in 1973 by National Geographic Magazine, which told that on the occasion he still rode horseback and tended an orchard planted in the 1870s. National Geographic later recanted on the claim. The same story was told by the Guinness Book of World Records, stated as unconfirmed along with other similar claims. The 1974 Guinness noted that medical examinations revealed that the men with these extraordinary age claims typically had the physiology of men in their 90 years old. It also stated that these age claims most likely resulted from son father and even son grandfather impersonations in order to avoid the Czarist draft.

His marital status was also controversial. According to National Geographic, he had a 120-year-old wife whom he had married 102 years earlier. However according to his obituary, published by Time magazine, when Shirali Mislimov was 136 years old, he married 57-year-old Khatum-Khanum (1884–1988).

According to him, the angel of death couldn't reach him in the mountainous area.